HIPAA THE IMPACT ON HEALTHCARE essays

HIPAA THE IMPACT ON HEALTHCARE expositions A wide range of things have affected the clinical network in later a long time including innovative changes that have encouraged more prominent interchanges and clinical disclosures. From an administrative point of view, the institution of HIPPA rules and guidelines by a wide margin is one of the most significant. As per the American Medical Association (AMA), HIPPA carries the most far reaching developments to social insurance since the formation of Before talking about the progressions it is first basic to investigate what precisely HIPPA is. HIPPA represents the Health Insurance Portability and Responsibility Act of 1996, otherwise called Public Law 104-191 (HIPPA Group, 2002). HIPPA has achieved the accompanying identified with human services:  ª Ensures access to medical coverage, and furthermore ensures transportability  ª Provides congruity of medicinal services protection inclusion and forestalls also, carefully restricts separation  ª Works to secure private wellbeing data and clinical records  ª Enables patients to have more authority over their records  ª Self utilized people are permitted medical coverage charge findings  ª Provides for better human services efficiencies HIPPA has influenced the human services industry in an assortment of ways. One way in which it has affected wellbeing suppliers is standing out they direct business electronically. E based business and administrations are turning out to be progressively well known to a limited extent because of the web. Medicinal services associations would now be able to share data about patients, store records and offer knowledge identified with quiet conditions through electronic interchanges. As anybody knows be that as it may, because of security issues and simplicity of programmer access on the web, it has become progressively significant that social insurance exchanges be observed from a security and protection point of view. HIPPA legisl... <!

effect) essays

Antidepressants (cause/impact) papers Antidepressants can be amazingly gainful to patients also inconvenient. Specialists are going to antidepressants as a fix just for anyone feeling down or low. All individuals experience characteristic high and depressed spots in their lives and most needn't bother with drug to support them. There can be not kidding physical, mental, and passionate reactions to taking an upper when recommended by the specialist both accurately or mistakenly. There are two sorts of miseries that can happen. The primary kind is a characteristic wretchedness brought about by happenings in a people life. This is brought about by the ordinary occasions set on an individual by such things as family, companions, school, and work. A characteristic sorrow can last from only one day to several months. The second kind of wretchedness is brought about by a concoction irregularity in the cerebrum. In the cerebrum are a great many things called synapses. Synapses are synthetics in the cerebrum that convey messages starting with one cell then onto the next. When there are inappropriate adjusts in synapses, different ailments result, including gloom. There are a few sorts of synthetic concoctions in synapses; serotonin, neropinephrine, and dopamine. Antidepressants work by either giving a greater amount of said synthetic compounds to the body or by blocking reuptake cells that pick the concoction back up after it has been discharged to permit the substa nce more opportunity to arrive at its goal. At the point when endorsed effectively, antidepressants can be extremely useful to a patient. Subsequent to being taken for half a month the patient will begin to come back to typical day by day exercises. Patients will have the option to get up toward the beginning of the day and do the exercises they had halted in light of the fact that they no longer felt constrained to do them. Patients in a downturn ordinarily rest extended periods and avoid difficult or unwieldy exercises. In the wake of taking the antidepressants they will come back to a some what typical rest plan and will have the vitality t... <!

Order of a Research Paper

Order of a Research PaperThe Order of a Research Paper is an essential part of the APA evaluation process. It is the place where students can put in their suggestions for making their work easier, easier to understand, or both.This review is a part of the School's internal research journal, called Journal of Research and Development. It is an opportunity for students to express their views and ideas about their work. It is also an opportunity for faculty to find out more about what the students have written.While APA approval is the standard for anyone's research papers, no student should be discouraged from expressing his/her thoughts. Let your ideas shine through!As an example, the Order of a Research Paper includes papers on all aspects of APA including keyword usage, documentation and discussion. If you write your own paper, write it well. You can even use the ideas of others; simply edit them to fit your particular paper.If you submit an APA paper, do not expect your paper to be read by a committee. They may want to look at the content of your paper, but your title, authors, and affiliations are likely to be considered.Scholars may provide a title for you. They will most likely provide two examples: one in chronological order (E.D. Laidlaw, K.M. Brown) and one in an alphabetical order (D.J. Hunt).Submit the following information in a single file: author bio, acknowledgement, acknowledgments, affiliations, publication page numbers, thesis statement, letter of introduction, letter of reference, bibliography, work summary, section bibliography. Submit your research paper as a Microsoft Word document. Do not use any kind of spreadsheet.It can take some time to complete the Order of a Research Paper, especially if the main topic is not familiar to you. Before submitting your paper, consult with a trusted advisor and think about your goals for the research paper.

Media Violence And Violent Video Games - 807 Words

Media violence has been tremendously growing and attaining the hazardous extents. Two-thirds of TV shows contain some kind of violence. Most self-involving video games contain some violent matter in it. For example, if you manufacture guns, you do not need to give any advertisement, because it is done by the amusement industry. Aggressive behavior, desensitization to violence, hallucinations, and fear of being mishandled were caused by the media violence, was explained in a 2009 Policy Statement on Media Violence, by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The increase in aggressive behavior happens by watching violent video shows on TV, and by playing violent video games. The researchers found that boys and girls who played a lot of violent video games changed over the school year. Media violence is not likely to convert the children into a violent criminal. But, someday by just smoking a cigarette can increase the likelihood of a lung cancer. Likewise, a violent show can increase the likelihood of behaving in an aggressive way. Psychologists Brad Bushman and L. Rowell Huesmann1(p248) There are many reasons to be worried about the level of violence in the society, it is clearly simplistic and confusing to hold that the major cause for delinquency and violent crime rate might be the violent themes in movies, music, comic books or television. (Media effects and society by Elizabeth M. Perse) It is about more than 50 years of research shows that, media influence on child andShow MoreRelatedMedia s Influence On The Youth Of America1454 Words   |  6 PagesMedia in the United States has a prominent role on the youth of America. A majority of children and young adults have access to internet, television, radio, newspapers, and video games practically any time they want. The violence in media, along with the availability of media are increasing, however the most predominant form of media for children is video games. Because of this, many are concerned with the effects on the youth. The violence in video games is a cause for aggressive emotions, thoughtsRead More Violent media Images and video games results in violent behavior890 Words   |  4 Pages Violent Media Images and Video Games Results In Violent Behavior Can violent media images and video games result in violent behavior? The answer is yes. For a few decades now hundreds of researchers have take time to research the relationship of media images and video games to violent behavior in children. In the next few paragraphs I will discuss why media images and video games result in violent behavior in children. This paper will also provide some important factors that adults shouldRead MoreSeparating Violence : Reality And Video Games1368 Words   |  6 PagesJonathan Weinberger 9/22/2014 Separating Violence in Reality and Video Games Children play. The manner in which children have played has frequently changed throughout the years. There was a time where sticks or index fingers were used to symbolize guns or bows in order for children to play â€Å"cowboys and Indians.† Later, the same mechanisms were used as children would play â€Å"cops and robbers.† Children mimic what they see in reality when it is time to play. However, children are not known to mimic whatRead MoreMedia Violence And Its Effect On Society1184 Words   |  5 Pagesexamine the negative effects of media violence. There is a debate on whether negative effects directly derive from media violence. Because media violence has been proven to have a negative effect on society, this essay will argue that there needs to be more censorship on media violence. I will first examine the influence media violence has on mass shootings. Next I will discuss a study relating to dating violence, certain movies and shows encourage dating violence. I n conclusion, I will suggest thatRead MoreViolent Video Games Should Not Be Banned784 Words   |  3 Pageswhich the media has a huge impact upon. However, in recent times, there has been an increase in attention to a certain subject, violent video games. Concerned parents influenced by the media have been trying for years to get all violent video games banned from the United States market. However, many scientists have proven that there is no correlation of violent games to violence, the media exaggerates isolated events and puts the blame for these events on violent games, and violent video games can actuallyRead MoreVideo Game Violence And Its Effects On Gamers1205 Words   |  5 PagesVideo Game Violence and its effects on Gamers In recent years there has been a significant increase of shooting incidents, specifically in America. When there is a shooting event the media is quick to question if the suspect had a history of playing violent video games. There is already the initial connection between video game violence and aggression; but is this connection scientifically correct? This topic interests me because of the increase in school shootings and violence. I have personallyRead MoreAggressive Behavior And Video Games860 Words   |  4 PagesAggressive Behavior and Video Games â€Å"Video games are not inherently good or bad, just as any other tool is not inherently good or bad† (Gentile, D., n.d.), but continuous exposure to video games may generate behavioral changes among individuals. It is being demonstrated by research that violent television and media have a cause and effect on children and youth that watch them. Because video games use the same repetitiveness mechanism as television and media it is expected by social science professionalsRead MoreEssay about Media Violence1541 Words   |  7 PagesViolence has been a contributing negative factor to society throughout history. Many researchers believe that the use of violent media, particularly video games, play a huge role in the downward trend of behavior and attitude of youth, and that this behavior continues to spiral out of control. However, other researchers believe that since violence has been occurring since the beginning of time, that adolescence are as capable today of violence, as they were a thousand years ago. ResearchRead MoreMultimedia Violence : A Grave Threat Of Teens Of The New Generation. Craig A. Anderson1585 Words   |  7 PagesMultimedia Violence : A Grave Threat to Teens of the New Generation Craig A. Anderson, an eminent director of the Center for the Study of Violence at Iowa State University, commented on multimedia violence saying, â€Å"Exposing children and adolescents (or ‘youth’) to violent visual media increases the likelihood that they will engage in physical aggression against another person. By ‘physical aggression’ we mean behavior that is intended to harm another person physically, such as hitting with a fistRead MoreDoes Violent Video Games Cause Violent Behavior?1274 Words   |  6 Pages Does Violent Video Games Cause Agressive Behavior in Teens? Ryan Bia Arizona State University Abstract Violence is ubiquitous in today’s modern society and we are constantly exposed to it through the media, movies and through video games. It is not uncommon to go visit a home in the United States and find a video game console in the home along with mature video games. Video games started off just as entertainment that had meager violence but as time progressed the graphics have improved and

Essay on Imagery in Their Eyes Were Watching God - 1096 Words

Positive Imagery in Their Eyes Were Watching God In Zora Neale Hurstons novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, the life of Janie is presented as a journey. Janie survives a grandmother, three husbands, and innumerable friends. Throughout this journey, she moves towards her ideals about love and how to live ones life. Hurston chooses to define Janie not by what is wrong in her life, but by what is good in it. Janie undergoes many changes throughout her journey, but the imagery in her life always conjures positive ideas in the mind of the reader. Janies life begins under the watchful eye of her grandmother. Her grandmother has given up her own happiness to raise Janie and her mother. Right away, it is obvious that Janies life†¦show more content†¦Janie learns a very important lesson from her grandmother. Not a lesson to emulate, but one to avoid. She does not want to be a cracked plate, she is tall and blossoming and can see what she wants in her life. She does not get what she wants with Logan Killicks, her first husband. Janie married Logan because her grandmother wanted her to. Her grandmother could not understand why she did not love him, as he had sixty acres of land. Janie did not love him, and describes him as . . . some ole skullhead in de grave yard [13] and his house as a lonesome place like a stump in the middle of the woods . . . absent of flavor [20]. Janies eyes are still full of pollen dust, and she cannot get her perfect vision of love out of her mind. Logan makes her do menial chores around the house, and treats her like a beast of burden. She prays for the day when she will be delivered from the life of tedium that she lives. She thinks that her prayers are answered when she first sees Joe Starks. In fact, she first sees him through a veil of her hair, and it is her long, luxurious hair that he is first attracted to. She thinks that he is a bee for her blossom [31]. The initial description of him, . . . a cityfied, stylish dressed man with his hat set at an angle that didnt belong in [those] parts [26] immediately sets a firm image in the readers mind, so no one isShow MoreRelatedEssay about Imagery in Their Eyes Were Watching God1004 Words   |  5 PagesImagery in Their Eyes Were Watching God The novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God contains beautiful imagery that conveys the thoughts of the author towards the antagonist of this story, Janie Crawford. Through her four distinct lives as Janie Crawford, Janie Killicks, Janie Starks, and Janie Woods she realizes that each day the sun rises a new change is apparent in her life. The experience of each distinct life makes her realize more about herself than she ever knew before. She comes toRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay1688 Words   |  7 Pagesto have their own voice and independence has been an ongoing conflict. In Zora Neale Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God Janie struggles a majority of her life discovering her own voice by challenging many traditional roles that are set by society during this time. Hongzhi Wu, the author of â€Å"Mules and Women: Identify and Rebel—Janie’s Identity Quest in ‘Their Eyes Were Watching God,’† recognizes the trend of African American women being suppressed by making a comparison between animals throughoutRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God1571 Words   |  7 PagesZora Neale Hurston and her novel Their Eyes Were Watching God During the Harlem Renaissance, African Americans experience a cultural exposure in literature art. It was a period of great achievement in African-American art and literature during the 1920s and 1930s. This surge gave birth to several authors, playwrights and dramatists, such as Zora Neale Hurston. Zora Neale Hurston is now considered among the foremost authors of that period, having published four novels, three nonfiction works, andRead MoreEven Among The Giants Of Literature, Such As Arnold, Wordsworth,1181 Words   |  5 Pages1925 poem, â€Å"The Hollow Men†, a poem which describes men stranded in a desert watching their only hope begin to fade away. Canto III of â€Å"The Hollow Men† best represents the essence of T.S. Eliot’s writings because it depicts the technique and ideas common throughout his work. Eliot’s primary technique is the use of imagery, which is integral to his work as an artist. All of Eliot’s poems make use of vivid and shocking imagery and intense descriptions. In this portion of the poem, the reader is met withRead MoreThe Long Fall of One Eleven Heavy625 Words   |  2 PagesScotia, on September 2nd 1998. It follows the 229 passengers on board—their lives before the crash, how the crash came to be and the aftermath of how it affected their families. This essay deals with: the significance of the articles’ unique title, his choice of words and the extensive use of dark and light imagery. The title is what attracts and helps readers decide on whether to read any piece of work. Paterniti chooses a whimsical title for this article. Specifically, ‘the long fall’ refers toRead MoreZora Neale Hurston Essay1808 Words   |  8 PagesProfessor ENG – 550 – Q5158 3 Jul. 2015 Writings of Zora Neale Hurston Zora Neale Hurston wrote her stories from an â€Å"insider’s† perspective. Her effective use of black dialect in her writings of â€Å"Sweat,† â€Å"The Gilded Six-Bits,† and â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† often created a superficial realism which, by verging on racial stereotyping, overlooks the experiences and motivations of her characters (Cornish)http://www. csmonitor.com/1985/0531/dbspun-f.html. The writings of the author not onlyRead More Liberation in The Awakening and Their Eyes Were Watching God3709 Words   |  15 PagesLiberation in Kate Chopins The Awakening and Zora Neale Hurstons Their Eyes Were Watching God With few exceptions, our male dominated society has traditionally feared, repressed, and stymied the growth of women. As exemplified in history, man has always enjoyed a superior position. According to Genesis in the Old Testament, the fact that man was created first has led to the perception that man should rule. However, since woman was created from man’s rib, there is a strong argument that womanRead MoreZora Neale Hurston A Genius of the South Essay1664 Words   |  7 Pagesthen people ridiculed her, but she felt the pride and dignity within herself. She was seen as an African-American grandmother in many images of black women writers (Showalter 221). Her talent for African-American literature excited the new readers who were constantly reading her literary works (â€Å"Hurston,† Feminist). Occasionally, both black and white supporters reviewed her books (McKay). She demonstrates a larger pattern of white American culture to be substantially inspiring in her int erest with politicsRead MoreMaking Meanings Essay1692 Words   |  7 Pagesassignment complies with these policies. I declare that this assignment is my own work and has not been submitted previously in any form for assessment. Signature:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦................... MAKING MEANINGS: ESSAY PLAN Idea that reality is socially constructed is a key principle in cultural studies and the analysis of media representation. Explain what is meant by this idea and discuss its implications for understanding the relationship between meaningRead MoreInvestigating the Function of the Main Soliloquies in Shakespeares Hamlet1614 Words   |  7 Pagesof the time would have loved any scandals or gossip involving royalty. This made Hamlet very popular with the audience watching the plays, and even though this particular royal family was that of Denmark, the public would have loved to imagine that the same sort of scandal and excitement could happen amongst the royalty of this country. This Essay will be focusing on Hamlet’s soliloquies, which are a main feature of the play. A soliloquy is a section of dialogue that

Essay on note - 1296 Words

Sample Case Analysis (Case 10.1) First read the case carefully. In this instance Cregg Hart is interested in knowing if the rivet diameter from a potential new supplier is the same as the diameter from their existing supplier. This lends itself naturally to do a confidence interval or suitable confidence level, say 95% or do a hypothesis test assuming the mean diameters from the two suppliers are the same. Next open the Excel file which you can download from CANVAS Excel files and into your computer completely free of charge and run with it. What should result from assignment is as follows: Please Note: students in face-to-face classes should turn in a hard copy with a staple on eth top left corner. Students in the online†¦show more content†¦Specifically they imply that we cannot reject the null hypothesis of equal means. Also notice the p_value of 0.82 which implies that if we rejected the equal means hypothesis, we would be making a type I mistake with a probability of roughly 82%. Conclusions / recommendations As the two rivet families have equal mean diameter, statistically speaking, which means that they also have equal strength. This leads us to recommend that if the new supplier is reliable and less expensive, they should be utilized at least for a part of production process at the Motive Power Company until they are totally proved over time and then can be relied upon for their rivets for larger orders. Appendix: As the data was downloaded from CANVAS class file, it is not attached. If this project involved collecting data, it would have been attached in this appendix. Please also note the following information as it appears in your syllabus to help you do cases in this class: On page 5 it says: Case Analysis: Case analysis is essential to understanding the material in this class. Throughout the semester case analysis exercises are assigned in theShow MoreRelatedQuestions On Explaining Your Note Taking Ability Essay847 Words   |  4 Pagesyou will need to be to do the following: 1. Evaluate your note taking ability 2. Improve your test preparation 3. Review Case Studies on Note Taking How would you evaluate your note taking ability? I haven t taken notes in a very long time. At work, I usually just jot things down on a note pad. Then, when I m ready, I transcribe those notes into information. In high school, I was a fairly good note taker, I think. I was organized, ready to listen, and freeRead MoreListening And Note Taking1046 Words   |  5 PagesListening and Note Taking Listening and Note-Taking is essential in order to be successful in all aspects of college. When an individual listens and takes quality notes they retain the information being presented a lot better than if the person did not take notes or listen to what was being lectured. When a student pays attention to detail in a lecture and records quality, organized, and precise notes the student has a better understanding of the subject being taught. There are a few differentRead MoreNotes On The Bank Loans1661 Words   |  7 Pageslimited use different sources such as bank overdrafts, promissory notes, Eurobonds and Swiss bonds that mature at different times to finance their operations and they do this to diversify their risk. The bank loans include many facilities through many countries however mainly consist of a US$740 and a US$100 million multi currency facilities that mature in July 2014. The borrowings in commercial paper market consist of an AUD promissory note of $600 million and as at 30th June 2014 only $104.6 millionRead More3m Post-It Notes Case Study714 Words   |  3 PagesPost it Notes – Case Study Questions Question 1 In the development of this product, how did the creative thinking process work? Describe what took place in each of the four steps. . The Post-It Notes case has clearly illustrated the 4 phases in creativity development and each step has demonstrated by the inventor of Post-It Notes as described below: * Background or knowledge accumulation This phase was demonstrated by Art Fry who is the inventor of Post-It Notes whereby he recalled aboutRead MoreAnalysis Of Janice Mirikitani s Suicide Note1266 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom friends is inescapable. People can tear themselves down in many ways, such as through school, not feeling they look good enough, and even just not feeling like they’re ever good enough to be living on Earth. In Janice Mirikitani’s poem â€Å"Suicide Note,† it talks about an Asian-American student currently in college. She tries her hardest, she wants to succeed and make her parents proud. Her parents have high standards for her, as they want her to receive a 4.0 grade point average. Although she givesRead MoreAnalysis Of Mirror Vs. Suicide Note1222 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Mirror† vs â€Å"Suicide Note† Poetry is a type of literature that uses rhythmical composition to implement the reader with beautiful, imaginative or elevated thoughts (dictionary.com). Two of the finest poems during their time wereâ€Å"Mirror†, by Sylvia Plath, and â€Å"Suicide Note†, by Janice Mirikitani. Sylvia Plath was a troubled poet; throughout her life she had dealt with major depression. During college she attempted to put an end to her life by taking sleeping pills; she was placed in a mental instituteRead MoreEssay on Why Were Cornell Notes Invented?912 Words   |  4 PagesWhy Were Cornell Notes Invented? The Cornell note taking system, developed by former Cornell University professor Walter Pauk in 1949, features three areas. It features a three-part system used for condensing and organizing notes, whether in the classroom or out in the field. One area is for note taking, the second is for review notes, and the last one is for summarizing. Cornell notes was invented to benefit students in the classroom and help them formulate a way in which they can understandRead MoreDeath Note By Tsugumi Ohba And Takeshi Obata2419 Words   |  10 PagesTaking a Page Out of The Death Note Do humans have the right to determine when another person should live or die? A question that we have all have been asked in different ways and we have been conditioned to respond with, no. This notion then gets more difficult when we are introduced with extreme situations of; what if in order to save an innocent person’s life, you had to kill another? What if the person is too dangerous to keep alive? Humans are fallible and cruel creatures. This is the focusRead MoreNotes from the Underground by Fyodor Dostoyevsky1616 Words   |  7 PagesFyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881) was a Russian novelist, journalist, and short story writer that discussed the psychological state of the human soul in many of his works, one in particular is Notes from the Underground; which was published in 1864. Notes from the Underground, had a great influence in the 20th century; the novel takes a man’s inability to communicate with society and uses it to teach readers about the importance of ot her humans in our daily lives and how that affects the way we thinkRead MoreEssay about Notes from Underground 1148 Words   |  5 Pagescentury Enlightenment movement is â€Å"Reason†. The French philosophes believed that reason could provide critical, informed, scientific solutions to social issues and problems, and essentially improve the human condition. Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Notes from Underground is one of the most famous anti-Enlightenment novels for its rejection of these very notions. Through this novel he showed what he believed were gaps in the idea that the mind could be freed from ignorance through the application of

Uniform Code of Military Justice and United States Code free essay sample

Over the importance of following instructions One repurcution to not following orders is a ucmj which according to the U. S. military is any one of these things which is why at all times you want to follow instructions down to the tee. Courts-martial [edit] Courts-martial are conducted under the UCMJ and the Manual for Courts-Martial United States. If the trial results in a conviction, the case is reviewed by the convening authority – the commanding officer who referred the case for trial by court-martial. The convening authority has discretion to mitigate the findings and sentence, set aside convictions, and/or to remand convictions and/or sentences back to a court-martial for re-hearing. If the sentence, as approved by the convening authority, includes death, a bad conduct discharge, a dishonorable discharge, dismissal of an officer, or confinement for one year or more, the case is reviewed by an intermediate court. There are four such courts – the Army Court of Criminal Appeals, the Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals, the Air Force Court of Criminal Appeals, and the Coast Guard Court of Criminal Appeals. After review by any of these intermediate courts, the next level of appeal is the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (CAAF). The Supreme Court of the United States has discretion under 28 U. S. C. Â § 1259 to review cases under the UCMJ on direct appeal where the CAAF has conducted a mandatory review (death penalty and certified cases), granted discretionary review of a petition, or otherwise granted relief. [1] If the CAAF denies a petition for review or a writ appeal, consideration by the Supreme Court may be obtained only through collateral review (e. . , a writ of habeas corpus). [2] Since 2007, several bills have been introduced into Congress to expand the accessibility of service members to the Supreme Court. See also Equal Justice for United States Military Personnel legislation. The UCMJ allows for personal jurisdiction over all members of the Uniformed services of the United States: the Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, Marine Corps, Navy, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Corps, and Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. The Coast Guard is administered under Title 14 of the United States Code when not operating as part of the U. S. Navy. However, commissioned members of the NOAA and PHS are only subject to the UCMJ when attached or detailed to a military unit or are militarized by presidential executive order. Members of the military Reserve Components under Title 10 of the United States Code (Army Reserve, Navy Reserve, Marine Forces Reserve, and Air Force Reserve) or Title 14 of the United States Code, Coast Guard Reserve when not operating as part of the U. S. Navy, are subject to the UCMJ if they are either (a) active duty Full-Time Support personnel such as FTS or Active Guard and Reserve (AGR), or (b) traditional part-time reservists performing either (i) full-time active duty for a specific period (i. e. , Annual Training, Active Duty for Training, Active Duty for Operational Support, Active Duty Special Work, One Year Recall, Three Year Recall, Canvasser Recruiter, Mobilization, etc. ), or (ii) performing Inactive Duty (i. e. Inactive Duty Training, Inactive Duty Travel and Training, Unit Training Assembly, Additional Training Periods, Additional Flying Training Periods, Reserve Management Periods, etc. , all of which are colloquially known as drills). Soldiers and airmen in the National Guard of the United States are subject to the UCMJ only if activated in a Federal capacity under Title 10 by an executive order issued by the President or during their Annual Training periods, which are orders issued under Title 10. Otherwise, members of the National Guard of the United States are exempt from the UCMJ. However, under Title 32 orders, National Guard soldiers are still subject to their respective state codes of Military Justice. Cadets and midshipmen at the United States Military Academy, United States Naval Academy, United States Air Force Academy, and United States Coast Guard Academy are also subject to the UCMJ. On the other hand, Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) cadets and midshipmen are by law exempt from the UCMJ (even while on active duty for training such as CTLT, LTC, LDAC, or while attending various training schools such as Airborne School, Air Assault School, Mountain Warfare School, etc. . Members of military auxiliaries such as the Civil Air Patrol and the Coast Guard Auxiliary are not subject to the UCMJ, even when participating in missions assigned by the military or other branches of government. However, members of the Coast Guard Auxiliary can be called by the Commandant of the Coast Guard into the Temporary Reserve, in which case they become subject to the UC MJ. Retired members of the uniformed services who are entitled to retirement pay are also subject to the UCMJ, as are retired reservists who are receiving hospital care in the VA system. Prisoners of war in the custody of the U. S. armed forces, and detained medical personnel and chaplains in the custody of the U. S. armed forces. Persons in custody of the armed forces serving a sentence imposed by a court-martial. Non-judicial punishment [edit] Main article: Nonjudicial punishment Under Article 15 of the Code (Subchapter III), military commanders have the authority to exercise non-judicial punishment (NJP) over their subordinates for minor breaches of discipline. These punishments are carried out after a hearing before the commander, but without a judge or jury. Punishments are limited to reduction in rank, loss of pay, restrictions of privileges, extra-duty, reprimands, and, aboard ships, confinement. Guidelines for the imposition of NJP are contained in Part V of the Manual for Courts-Martial United States and the various service regulations. Complaints of wrongs and loss of property [edit] Article 138 of the UCMJ provides that any service member may bring a complaint of wrongs against their commanding officer to the officer exercising general court-martial authority over the commander. That officer will investigate the complaint of wrongs and then report the findings of the investigation to the service Secretary (e. g. , Secretary of the Army, Navy, Air Force) concerned. Article 139 (10 U. S. C. Â § 939) provides for the convening of an investigation board of from one to three commissioned officers to investigate and adjudicate claims of willful damage, destruction, or theft of personal property, only if both parties are subject to the Code. Also the failure to follow orders in the field can result in the death of yourself or your team.